<Series : S\u27interroger sur I\u27implicite>S’interroger sur l’implicite II － Lisa Yoneyama Workshop : Violence, War, and Redress : Report: Genderized Trauma and Japanese Nationalism

シリーズ「語りえぬものを問う」語りえぬものを問うⅡ──米山リサワークショップ：暴力・戦争・リドレス──S’interroger sur l’impliciteⅡ－Lisa Yoneyama Workshop : Violence, War, and Redress2005年10月25日（火）関西学院大学西宮上ヶ原キャンパス関西学院会

Recovery of tree community composition across different types of anthropogenic disturbances and characterization of their effect using Landsat time series in Bornean tropical montane forest

Anthropogenic pressure in tropical montane forests is rapidly increasing, becoming a major threat to these complex ecosystems. Studies have shown that the wide variety of human activities in tropical uplands results in different ecological responses of secondary forests, but basic information on the disturbance impacts and underlying recovery processes is lacking. Here, we compared structural characteristics and tree community composition of old growth forest and secondary forests in a montane region of Sabah, Malaysia, which experienced five different anthropogenic disturbances. We also investigated the use of metrics from spectral trajectories of a Landsat time series (LTS) change detection algorithm (LandTrendr) to identify characteristics of disturbance events and their linkage to the recovery of tree community composition, with field validation. Five LTS metrics—time since the greatest disturbance (TSD), magnitude of disturbance (MD), distance to undisturbed forests (d_UND), recovery indicator (RI), and years to recovery (Y2R) were derived and were related to field-based tree community composition. Our analysis revealed a gradient of recovery patterns in community composition and structural attributes among forest disturbance types, suggesting the importance of community composition as an indicator of forest recovery. Among derived LTS metrics, TSD, MD, d_UND, and Y2R 100% were significantly related with the similarity in community composition. Our results suggest that spectral trajectories from LTS can serve as a useful predictor of community composition change in recovering stands. This approach provides an efficient means for developing systematic conservation strategies for high-elevation regions in the tropics, where human-modified landscapes are expanding

Differential responses of normal human coronary artery endothelial cells against multiple cytokines comparatively assessed by gene expression profiles

AbstractEndothelial cells play an important role in terms of biological functions by responding to a variety of stimuli in the blood. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism involved in rendering the variety in the cellular response. To investigate the variety of the cellular responses against exogenous stimuli at the gene expression level, we attempted to describe the cellular responses with comprehensive gene expression profiles, dissect them into multiple response patterns, and characterize the response patterns according to the information accumulated so far on the genes included in the patterns. We comparatively analyzed in parallel the gene expression profiles obtained with DNA microarrays from normal human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) stimulated with multiple cytokines, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-β, interferon-γ, and oncostatin M, which are profoundly involved in various functional responses of endothelial cells. These analyses revealed that the cellular responses of HCAECs against these cytokines included at least 15 response patterns specific to a single cytokine or common to multiple cytokines. Moreover, we statistically extracted genes contained within the individual response patterns and characterized the response patterns with the genes referring to the previously accumulated findings including the biological process defined by the Gene Ontology Consortium (GO). Out of the 15 response patterns in which at least one gene was successfully extracted through the statistical approach, 11 response patterns were differentially characterized by representing the number of genes contained in individual criteria of the biological process in the GO only. The approach to dissect cellular responses into response patterns and to characterize the pattern at the gene expression level may contribute to the gaining of insight for untangling the diversity of cellular functions

Abrupt rotation of the rashba spin to the direction perpendicular to the surface

金沢大学理工研究域数物科学系The polarization vector of the Rashba spin, which must be parallel to the two-dimensional (2D) plane in an ideal system, is found to change abruptly and definitely to the direction perpendicular to the surface at the K̄ point of the Brillouin zone of a real hexagonal system, the Tl/Si(111)-(1×1) surface. This finding obtained experimentally by angle-resolved and spin-resolved photoemission measurements is fully confirmed by a first-principles theoretical calculation. We found that the abrupt rotation of the Rashba spin is simply understood by the 2D symmetry of the hexagonal structure. © 2009 The American Physical Society